(IJCRSEE) International Journal of Cognitive Research in science, engineering and education
Vol. 1, No.2, 2013.

 

PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE WAY OF CONNECTING PEDAGOGICAL THEORY AND PRACTICE

MSc Bozo P. Obradović, College of Professional Studies Educators, Gnjilane – Bujanovac, Serbia
E-mail: bozo.obradovic07@gmail.com

UDK: 371.13/.14(497.11)

Abstract. The issue of linking educational theory to educational practice (educational work with young people) is highly topical and important issue for the science of pedagogy. One way of achieving this task is a pedagogical practice (PP) students. In paper we deal with identifying, comparing, and analyzing the curricula of vocational (Curriculum for Preschool Teacher (2007) and academic (Curriculum for Educators (2007). Studies Teacher Training in Serbia, as well as educational disciplines and areas of pedagogical science derived from them. The results showed many similarities, but also differences when it comes to educational disciplines that are taught, the name of pedagogical practice, the number of classes to implement, ECTS (European Credit Transfer System), which affect the quality and coherence of educational theory and educational practice. In order to identify similarities and overcome weaknesses that accompany the pedagogical practice analysis, we came to know about the specifics of each of the six pedagogical practice. For each pedagogical practice defined specific goals and tasks arising from the curriculum, and in particular pedagogical disciplines taught at university. Each of these pedagogical practices is the ability to connect educational theory and educational practice and direct way to increase the quality of training and competence of future teachers for direct work with children.
Keywords: pedagogical practice, educa-tional theory, curriculum, goals and objectives of the pedagogical practice.

 

1. REVIEW OF THE PRESENCE OF PEDAGOGY IN VOCATIONAL AND ACADEMIC EDUCATION FOR EDUCATORS

 

The reform process is a complex social and pedagogical issue. This is the second five - year period of vocational and academic studies of the Bologna Decla-ration (1999) and the Law on Higher Education (2005). The project of the reform that is expressed through the curriculum is more experimental tested on a sample of relevant professional and academic schools / universities, students, teachers, communities where they exist, before the widespread use of their. As such it is a problem for pedagogical science. Educational science plays an important role in the preparation, planning, implementation and evaluation of scientific content that is transmitted to the younger generation. To make this role more successfully carried out, it establishes its methodology dual principles and pedagogical work done preparing and training teachers for educational work. In Serbia, a significant number of vocational schools (Curriculum for Preschool Teacher  (2007) and academic (teacher/pedagogical) Faculty academic (Curriculum for Educa-tors (2007).  dealing with education teac-hers to work with preschool children.
If we go by the number of items in an accredited curriculum for the education of teachers in vocational and academic schools/colleges during their studies in vocational training of teachers, as a compulsory or elective program offered by 53 programs that belong to the same pedagogical science or realize that teachers are teachers. These plans are available through several semesters of 128 programs at vocational and academic programs in 95 studies (teaching/pedagogical faculties). From press to conclude that pedagogical science (theory) is represented with a number of scientific disciplines and fields of pedagogical science.

 

2. COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE PLANS OF PROFESSIONAL AND ACADEMIC STUDIES

 

In linking educational theory and practice plays an important role PP. Pedagogical practice as the way in introducing students to the application of pedagogical knowledge in the implemen-tation of the educational work with children, it is a form of direct connection between educational theory and practice and a form of practical preparation of future teachers for independent and high quality, direct educational work with children and beginning of permanent professional development.

Table 1. In accredited plans for the education of teachers in vocational schools and academic studies of PP is provided in all schools curricula:       


Studies

1 sem.
No. ECTS/per school./ Fac.

2 sem.
No. ECTS /per school./Fac.

3 sem.
No. ECTS/ per school./Fac.

4 sem.
No. ECTS per school./Fac.

5 sem.
No. ECTS/per school./Fac.

6 sem.
No. ECTS/per school./Fac.

7 sem.
No. ECTS/per school./Fac.

8 sem.
No. ECTS/per school./Fac.

1. vocat-ional

9 –
1=2 s
2=2
3=1
4=1
5=2
9=1

9-
1=2 s
3=2
4=1
5=2
6=1
9=1

9-
1=2s
2=1
3=1
4=1
6=1
7=2
9=1

9-
1=1s
2=2
3=1
4=1
6=1
7=2
9=1

9-
1=1s
2=2
3=2
7=3
9=1

9-
2=2s
3=2
6=1
8=2
9=1
10=1

 

 

2. acad-emic

6
2=1f
3=3
7=2

 

6
4=2f
5=1
6=1
7=2

 

6
4=3f
7=1
10=2

 

 

6
3=1f
6=2
10=1
11=2


Evident in the table it can be concluded that PP is expressed through ECTS. It has a significant place in vocational schools for teachers in all six semesters in four semesters of studies. When it comes to PP is lacking differenti-ated programs and practices essential features called PP.
In the analyzed plans for PP used different terms, which affects the determination of the essence and understanding of the same, such as: an introduction to the profession and professional practice (Curriculum for Preschool Teacher, 2007) Professional practice - demonstration classes, practice, the practice of kindergarten, demonstration classes, methodical practice, pedagogical and psychological practice, pedagogical practices, didactic practice, integrated pedagogical practices, integrated - methodological practice, two - week prof-essional practice (Curriculum for Educa-tors (2007) the titles of the specifics of the technical issues related to, but not the obligation to implement a student in the pedagogical practice in terms of direct connect theoretical and practical knowl-edge on the one hand and the practical training of students for direct work with children in kindergarten.

 

3. BASIC TASKS, METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES PRACTICAL REQUIREMENTS AND CONNECTIONS PEDAGOGICAL THEORY AND PRACTICE DURING THE PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE IN PRE-SCHOOL

 

Study plans and programs for teachers are aimed at enabling students to put their knowledge and skills in direct practice with children. That particular importance is pedagogical practice (PP). Pedagogical practice as the kind of direct connection between educational theory and practice as a form of practical preparation of future teachers for high - quality educational that is of direct work with children, but also the beginning of continuing professional development.
The subject of analysis is primarily pedagogical study disciplines and scientific areas that are taught and examined in vocational and academic studies.
The paper emphasizes the practical connection of educational theory and practice through the operationalization of the objectives and targets are achieved within six pedagogical practice. At the same time, based on consideration of the curriculum indicates regularity achieving the goals and objectives linking educational theory in educational practice. Processed, and operationalize define goals and objectives that students gain during every single practice.
Results and analysis of curricula indicate that the goals and objectives of PP implemented as:

 

3.1. Main goals and educational first practice - demonstration classes

 

The first pedagogical practice students are demonstrations classes. It is a first step planned pedagogical preparation of students - future teachers for immediate - educational work with children. The first practice starts demonstration classes (observing, exploring work, notification..) experienced teachers in everyday situations specifically staged in a nursery school in a one-week period at the end of the first semester. Demonstration classes aim is to provide the student meet directly with preschool pedagogical institutions have, its organizational structure, the structure of children who are found in it, mode of life, travel, games and activities for children, distribution and use of facilities and equipment, staff who work in pre-school teachers in addition to - mentors who immediately realized the educational work with children in the group. Its function is an introduction - the first contact and has a role to introduce the organization and operation of the kindergarten. Based on the monitoring and pedagogical issues and registration process, learn about the real and present situation in kindergarten.
Pedagogical practice demonstration classes not only attend activities supervisor to plan work in kindergarten, but systematic introduction to the different activities and educational different educational facilities in order to gain practical answers to many theoretical issues of pedagogy, psychology, methods of educational work.
Numerous are various goals, objectives, methodological requirements and practical questions posed to the students, and that should be implemented during the first and second continuous pedagogical practices in kindergarten. Methodological requirements for the first pedagogical practices are different. In the first pedagogical practices, student school kindergarten teacher in kindergarten should attending all the activities of children and teachers, through monitoring and observation, meet, monitor and investigate the overall pedagogical organization of work at the kindergarten; critically analyzed and recorded in the log book the most important:

During the first practice of student high school for teachers of vocational studies should monitor the attendance and the overall work of teachers and the children's activities introduce, critically analyzed and recorded in the log book the most important:

Therefore, the logical question is what's demonstration classes? Demonstra-tion classes are a word derived from the Latin word hospitari is the guest host; visit or attend lectures (activities in kinder-garten) as a guest or as a spectator. Demonstration classes today has a broader role and function, and in the pedagogical sense means the planned stay in kinder-garten that from a class.
It is not only planning, but also observing a systematic way to introduce and study the entire educational - educational work in kindergartens.
Practice demonstration classes students performed at the end of the first semester, when the students listened to lectures and theoretical exercises and perform other duties of general pedagogy, preschool pedagogy, psychology preschool child and other scientific fields. Demons-tration classes involves student partici-pation in all activities of the group of children in kindergarten. The first practice demonstration classes for five working days (25 hours) in order to;

 

3.2. Main goals and objectives for second pedagogical practice demonstration classes

 

Another pedagogical practice is a professional and logical continuation of the first practice demonstration classes. Organized and implemented by the end of the second semester. The practice is, and the reason the program is organized in the last week of May as the students through lectures and practical exercises familiar with the contents of the program in the second semester. It lasts one week (25 hours). It continues the realization of the goals and tasks initiated demonstration classes at the first practice. During these practices the student with the help of teachers - mentors, associate educator and psychologist, as well as with pre-school director aims to further introduce and analyze the pedagogical organization of kindergarten. Students are required to contact at the educator - mentor and support staff and to direct work with children comprehensively achieve certain goals and objectives of the first pedagogical practices, and conduct specific tasks other pedagogical practice.
During this practice the student should (during classes and teachers working with children as outlined in the first pedagogical practice - without having to repeat what has been found and written in the log if in the same kindergarten - group) participation, talking with educators mentor and observation of the educational process, talking with teachers, children, professional associates to penetrate deeper into the quality of teachers, assessment requirements the organization and imple-mentation of educational process with the children in the kindergarten and in the environment they implemented to work with certain groups of children. This information is registered in your diary and analyzes the conditions, organization, implementation, outcomes, educational process and occupies a professional position. During the demonstration classes meets the overall organization and educational work of teachers, faces a direct application of the theoretical knowledge of pedagogy and psychology. The knowledge a student needs to critically analyze the diary of pedagogical practice;

During a student demonstration classes on the basis of an agreement with the educator-mentor involved in the implementation of parts of the program.

 

3.3. Main goals and objectives for the third pedagogical-didactic practice

 

The third pedagogical and didactic practice of vocational teachers is organized and implemented by the end of the third semester (the last two weeks of December) and lasts for two weeks (10 days), or 50 hours.
The aim of the third pedagogical - didactic practices to student based on theoretical and practical knowledge expert examine the didactic requirements, capabilities and organization of educational work. (Based on observation, monitoring of the activity of teachers and children, studying and analyzing the pedagogical and didactic documentation work) kindergarten and the environment where the school is located, for the organization and implementation of educational activities in a particular group, to learn the material and human conditions for educational work studiously to meet the annual curriculum kindergarten, scope and structure prepare teachers for working directly with children and others.
In the pedagogical and didactic practices students are introduced, analyzes and personal professional opinions about the work of the group based on understanding and analyzing:

 

3.4. Main goals and forth methodological practice
 

Implementation of methodological practices, organized and implemented by the end of May in the fourth semester, the last two weeks, or 10 working days (50 hours), in preschool. The aim of the practice is bound to follow the student, and the didactic-methodic approach to analyze the quality of the pedagogical practices of teachers working with children, games and activities, in particular reviewing the achievements of objectives and tasks of children and teachers in the group with special emphasis on:

 

3.5. Main goals and objectives for the fifth methodically pedagogical practice

 

Fifth pedagogical methodical prac-tice is organized at the end of the fifth semester for up to ten days with the aim of becoming independent student on the basis of pedagogical documentation kindergarten (yearly, monthly, weekly curriculum) with the help of mentors and associates kindergarten (teacher, psychologist, etc.).;

 

3.6. Main goals and objectives for the six independently-methodological practice and pedagogy

 

Sixth pedagogical practice has continued and the final form of a planned and organized training of students for independent work. This practice is usually organized at the end of the sixth semester (the last three weeks in May) and lasts for 15 days (75 hours). According to the planning and organization of pedagogical systematic work should be organized in the agreed pre-school. The requirement that strudent goes to the sixth pedagogical - methodical practice are successfully completed and certified prior educational practices, the successful completion of pre-exam as maintained, defended and positively assessed by at least one activity from each methodology (speech develop-ment, learning environment, development mathematics concepts visual, physical and musical) educational work.
The practice of working with children in the DV student shows how he mastered the theoretical knowledge, as he is trained and prepared for creative application of knowledge through lectures, exercises, and particularly methodical exercises and seminar papers and, as previously conducted practices, preparing for this complex and responsible work.
As the title indicates that concluded in the course of this pedagogical practice student is not only a participant, but on the basis of theoretical knowledge and experiences gained during the previous five continuous pedagogical practice, and with the help of mentor teachers, educators and otherassociates nursery and Professor, I will organize and conduct educational work in the group (self - didactic-methodical design, organize and imp-lement entire educational work with children in the group is staggered).
With the help of mentors independently plan, organize and imple-ment the overall educational work with children (working with parents, social environment).
The planned work of the last independent pedagogical practice implies that a student on the basis of knowledge of relevant science education for pre-school children on the basis of successfully performed the previous five practices that enable the same immediate transfer (transformation), and the associated methodological designs in the planning, programming, methodical preparation for the activity. Organized and realized - teaching the children in the group.
Independent work of students in the implementation of programs in six pedagogical practice, the student requires:

 

4. CONCLUSION

 

In this paper an attempt is made on the basis of the analysis of curricula for the education of teachers in Serbia determine the goals and objectives of linking educational theory with practice through PP- pedagogical practice. At the same time an attempt is made operationalization requires the student to realize the pedagogical practices. By performing the same, and tracking of student shows how PP- pedagogical practice has mastered theoretical knowledge, as he is trained and prepared for creative application of knowledge in working directly with children.

 

REFERENCE

 

  1. Curriculum for Educators (2007): Faculty of Education, Beograd, Jagodina, Prizren,  Sombor, Užice, Vranje.
  2. Curriculum for Preschool Teacher  (2007): College of Professional Studies in Education of Teachers, Aleksinac, Gnjilane - Bujanovac, Kikinda,  Novi Sad, Pirot, Šabac, Sremska Mitrovica, Vrsac.
  3. Obradović, P. B., Krulj S. R. (2013). Metodika vaspitno-obrazovnog rada, Priručnik za pedagošku praksu budućih vaspitača, Učiteljski fakultet, Vranje
  4. The Bologna Declaration and Higher Education in Serbia (2007), SAO, Beograd
  5. Vilotijević, M. (2000). Didaktika 1, 2, 3, Naučna knjiga, Učiteljski fakultet, Beograd